原標(biāo)題：中國加入產(chǎn)權(quán)組織兩部重要條約
中國加入了產(chǎn)權(quán)組織的工業(yè)品外觀設(shè)計國際注冊海牙體系，這標(biāo)志著國際外觀設(shè)計體系的一項重大發(fā)展。中國還同時加入了《馬拉喀什條約》，使世界偉大的文化和文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)之一融入馬拉喀什共同體。
圖源于WIPO官方網(wǎng)站
據(jù)WIPO官網(wǎng)2022年2月5日消息，中國加入了產(chǎn)權(quán)組織的工業(yè)品外觀設(shè)計國際注冊海牙體系，這標(biāo)志著國際外觀設(shè)計體系的一項重大發(fā)展。中國還同時加入了《馬拉喀什條約》，使世界偉大的文化和文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)之一融入馬拉喀什共同體。
產(chǎn)權(quán)組織總干事鄧鴻森接受了中國國家版權(quán)局負(fù)責(zé)人張建春副部長遞交的中國加入《馬拉喀什條約》的文書，和中國國家知識產(chǎn)權(quán)局局長申長雨遞交的中國加入海牙體系的文書。
中國加入的是在產(chǎn)權(quán)組織總干事鄧鴻森先生前往中國出席2022年北京冬季奧運會開幕式之際進行的。一起出席開幕式的還有聯(lián)合國秘書長古特雷斯、聯(lián)合國大會主席和其他國際組織的負(fù)責(zé)人。
中國居民在2020年共提交了795.504項外觀設(shè)計，約占全世界總數(shù)的55%。中國加入海牙體系將使這些設(shè)計人在海外保護和推廣自己的作品變得更便利、更便宜。
中國是世界上人口最多的國家，也是世界偉大的文學(xué)和文化傳統(tǒng)誕生地之一。加入《馬拉喀什條約》意味著中國1.700多萬盲人和視力障礙者[i]現(xiàn)在將有更多機會獲得版權(quán)作品。它還將增加無障礙中文作品的跨境流動，使世界其他地區(qū)的盲人和視力障礙者能夠獲取這些作品。
“中國加入這兩部條約是全球知識產(chǎn)權(quán)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重大進展。”產(chǎn)權(quán)組織總干事鄧鴻森表示。
關(guān)于中國加入海牙體系，鄧先生說：“從我們石器時代的祖先制作的最早裝飾品，到我們?nèi)缃裨谌蚋鞯豑臺上看到的高級時裝，設(shè)計師使我們多姿多彩，意氣飛揚，生機勃勃。設(shè)計師在塑造我們的日用產(chǎn)品——從家庭用品、手機到虛擬設(shè)計等的外觀和觸感方面也在發(fā)揮更大的作用。中國加入海牙體系，意味著中國設(shè)計界將更容易保護他/她們的設(shè)計并將其推廣到中國以外。海外設(shè)計師也將發(fā)現(xiàn)可以更容易地帶著他/她們的外觀設(shè)計進軍世界上最大、最有活力的市場之一。”
關(guān)于中國批準(zhǔn)《馬拉喀什條約》，鄧先生說：“中國擁有世界上最古老、最豐富且連續(xù)不斷的文學(xué)和文化傳統(tǒng)之一。隨著中國加入《馬拉喀什條約》，盲人或其他視力障礙者將有更多機會接觸這一豐富和連續(xù)的傳統(tǒng)。中國的盲人和視力障礙者群體估計超過1.700萬人，將更容易地受益于外國作品的無障礙版本。產(chǎn)權(quán)組織無障礙圖書聯(lián)盟(ABC)與非政府組織合作，將圖書轉(zhuǎn)換為對視力障礙者無障礙的格式。該聯(lián)盟將與利益攸關(guān)方合作，在其目前以80種語言提供的73萬種圖書之上，增加大量中文圖書。”
背景：關(guān)于海牙體系
海牙體系為國際外觀設(shè)計保護提供了一種直接的解決方案，無需在各個國家或地區(qū)單獨提出多項申請。用戶在線提交一份國際申請，即可在90多個國家注冊多達100項外觀設(shè)計。一件國際注冊相當(dāng)于若干件國家或地區(qū)注冊。
隨著中國的加入，中國所有的設(shè)計者將能夠使用國際外觀設(shè)計體系在海外保護和推廣其外觀設(shè)計，節(jié)省時間和金錢。一些在海牙成員國設(shè)有工廠等機構(gòu)的較大型中國企業(yè)，如小米、聯(lián)想等，已經(jīng)在使用海牙體系——這突出表明了對更方便快捷的國際經(jīng)營方式的需求。
當(dāng)中國的加入于2022年5月5日生效時，外國設(shè)計者進入中國市場將更為容易。用一件申請，繳納一組費用，即可在包括中國在內(nèi)的94個國家申請保護。
工業(yè)品外觀設(shè)計是指物品的裝飾。工業(yè)品外觀設(shè)計可以包括三維特征(如物品的形狀)，也可以包括二維特征(如圖案、線條或顏色)：最近，圖形用戶界面或虛擬世界中的物品正在成為流行的外觀設(shè)計形式。有關(guān)健康和個人安全物品的外觀設(shè)計注冊最近也在增加，表明外觀設(shè)計創(chuàng)新在參與遏制2019冠狀病毒病全球大流行方面所起的作用。
關(guān)于《馬拉喀什條約》
產(chǎn)權(quán)組織管理的《馬拉喀什條約》通過建立一套傳統(tǒng)版權(quán)法的限制和例外，使得專為盲人或視力障礙者改編的圖書在制作和國際轉(zhuǎn)移時更加容易。
《馬拉喀什條約》于2013年6月27日通過，2016年9月30日生效。它是產(chǎn)權(quán)組織增長最快的條約，在2022年5月5日中國的加入生效之前，包括84個締約方。
注解
[i] 資料來源：中國第二次全國殘疾人抽樣調(diào)查。該項調(diào)查經(jīng)國務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)，由中國多個部委、團體組成領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組負(fù)責(zé)進行。
附：英文
China Joins Two Key WIPO Treaties
China has joined WIPO's Hague System for the International Registration of Industrial Designs, marking a major development for the International Design System, as well as the Marrakesh Treaty, bringing one of the world’s great cultural and literary traditions into the Marrakesh community.
WIPO Director General Daren Tang received China's accession document to the Marrakesh Treaty from Vice Minister Zhang Jianchun, National Copyright Administration of China, and China’s accession document for the Hague System from Commissioner Shen Changyu, China National Intellectual Property Administration.
Chinese residents filed a total of 795.504 designs in 2020. representing some 55% of the worldwide total. China’s entry into the Hague System will make it easier and cheaper for these designers to protect and promote their work overseas.
China's accessions came during Mr. Tang's trip to China to attend the opening of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, where he joined UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres, the President of the UN General Assembly and other heads of international organizations at these Olympic ceremonies.
China is the most populous country in the world, and the birthplace of one of the world’s great literary and cultural traditions. Joining the Marrakesh Treaty means that the over 17 million[i] person blind and visually impaired community in China will now have even greater access to copyrighted works. It will also increase the cross-border movement of Chinese language content in formats accessible to members of this community in other parts of the world.
China joining these two treaties is an important development for the global IP ecosystem.
——WIPO Director General Daren Tang
On China's accession to the Hague System, Mr Tang said: "From the earliest ornamental products made by our Stone Age ancestors to the modern day haute couture we see on runways across the globe, designers enrich, excite and enliven us. Designers are also playing a bigger role in shaping the look and feel of the products we use every day – from household products and mobile phones to virtual designs. China’s accession to the Hague System means that the design community in China will find it easier to protect and bring their designs out of China, and overseas designers will find it easier to move their designs into one of the world's largest and most-dynamic markets."
On China's ratification of the Marrakesh Treaty, Mr. Tang said: "China has one of the world’s oldest and richest continuing literary and cultural traditions. With China’s entry into the Marrakesh Treaty, people who are blind or have other visual impairments will benefit from having greater access to this rich and continuing tradition. And the blind and visually impaired community in China, which is estimated at over 17 million, will benefit more easily from accessible versions of foreign-produced texts. WIPO's Accessible Books Consortium (ABC), which works with NGOs to convert books into formats accessible by the visually impaired, will work with stakeholders to add a strong collection of books in Chinese to its current offering of 730.000 books in 80 languages."
Background
about the Hague System
The Hague System provides a straightforward solution to international design protection that eliminates the need to file separate and multiple applications in individual countries or regions. Users file one online international application to register up to 100 designs in more than 90 countries. One international registration provides you with the equivalent of a bundle of national or regional registrations.
With China's accession, all designers in China will be able to use the International Design System to protect and promote their designs overseas, saving time and money. Some larger Chinese enterprises with an establishment, such as a manufacturing plant, in countries that are already members, like Xiaomi, Lenovo and others, have already been using the Hague System - underlining the demand for an easier and faster way to operate internationally.
Foreign designers will have easier access to the Chinese market, using one application and one set of fees to file for protection in 94 countries including China when its accession comes into force on May 5. 2022.
Industrial designs constitute the ornamental aspect of an article. An industrial design may consist of three dimensional features, such as the shape of an article, or two dimensional features, such as patterns, lines or color: More recently, graphical user interfaces or objects for the virtual world are becoming popular forms of designs. Design registrations in respect of health and personal safety items have also risen lately, showing the relevance of design innovation as part of the worldwide efforts to curb the COVID-19 pandemic.
about the Marrakesh Treaty
The WIPO-administered Marrakesh Treaty makes the production and international transfer of specially-adapted books for people with blindness or visual impairments easier. It does this by establishing a set of limitations and exceptions to traditional copyright law.
The Marrakesh Treaty was adopted on June 27. 2013. and entered into force on September 30. 2016. It is WIPO’s fasting growing treaty and now includes 84 contracting parties before China's accession comes into force on May 5. 2022.
[i] Source: Second National Sample Survey of the Handicapped in China - conducted by a leading group jointly formed by several Ministries and other entities in China, with the approval of the State Council.
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